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Israel and Iraq History

  • In 1947, Israel was declared a state. The Arab nations were against this declaration by the International Community (IC). This began the War of Independence, which led to Israel becoming an independent state on May 14, 1948. The Arabic main countries who built forces against Israel were Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria. This included Iraq, who contributed at least 18,000 troops. -(1947-48)

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  • The Arab League of nations was established by Iraqi General Safwat. There goal was to combine to keep each Arab country indepedent, while working together in the interest of the Arabs. The League began with Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, North Yemen, including Iraq. (22 Arab member countries, as of 2/24). -1945

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  • Before the establishment of Israel, a pipeline extended from Iraq to Haifa, Israel. The pipeline that was dismantled was newly connected to Syria. -1948

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  • The war ended with the 'Amistice Agreement', which provide temporary border location for each country called the 'Green Line'. Iraq and Israel did not form an agreement, because Iraq doesn't share a border with Israel. -1949​

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  • The Zionist Movement contributed to the beginning of Israelis nationalism, which began in the late 19th century. This sparked many Zionist movements, including one in Iraq. Before 1940 there were over 200,000 Jews who lived in Iraq. A great migration began back to Israel, in the campaign called Operation Ezra & Nehemiah were at least 125,000 Jews who were either airlifted or traveled by boat, while others remained. They traveled via Iraq to Iran to Cyrus, then into Israel. -1950

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  • The majority of Iraqs' contribution, during the Six-Day war was to provide military support, which was under the command of the Jordian military forces. They also fought along side the Syrians in the war. However, by the end of the war, their support was limited. -1967

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  • Most of the Israeli that were in Northern Iraq lived in the Kurdish region. During the Kurdish revolt, the Kurds were seeking an autonomous territory in Kurdish region in Iraq. The Kurds and Iraq form an agreement to create areas for the Kurds, but tension arise and results in Israel supporting the Kurds, during the Iraq-Kurdist war. -(1961-70)​​

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  • The Yom Kippur War occured in retaliation to areas (Gaza, West Bank, Golan Heights, and Sinai) gained by Israel during the Six-Day war. This war was led by Egypt, Syria, and other Arab countries. Although, Iraq fought in the war, they mostly provided strategic assistance in the form of military support for Jordan, including 30,000 troops to Syria.  -1973 â€‹â€‹

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  • Iraq and Iran form an agrrement to settle line disputes at the border, if Iran agreed not to support the Kurds during the 'Kurdish rebellion'. -(1974-75)

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  • The continued battle of internal religious, terrtorical and border disputes led to the Iraq-Iran war. At the border, many Kurds supported Iran, while the Shia remained loyal to Saddam. Sadaam Hussein continued with his weapons of mass destruction campaign, which killed thousands of Iranians and Kurds. There were several IC 's supporting Iraq, while Israel supported Iran and the Kurds, monetaraly. However, the continued claims by Iraq of launching the same chemical attacks into Israel, eventually led Israel to initiate Operation Opera (1981), into Iraq. They destoyed the Osirak Iraqi nuclear facility. -(1980-88)

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  • Iraq and the other Arab League countries did not allow any Jew to enter its' country and no Iraqi could go to Israel. -2003

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  • In mid-1990, after Hussein invaded Kuwait, the US-led Persian Gulf War began. During the war, the Iraqi forces attacked Israel with 39 scud missiles, but in a strategic move, did not retaliate. -(1990-91)

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  • The Kurds begin to automotonusly occupy the Kurdish region in Iraq after the Gulf War-1992

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  • Attempts at peace were made towards Iraqis, Hussein. This was intitiated by Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin. This was in hopes that Iran and Syria would follow in the road to peace. -1995

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  • Israel supports the Kurds by sending military manufacture goods. Israel is the only country that supports the Iraq Kurdistan independance.  -2003​

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  • Israel believed and announced that Iraq had 'weapons of mass destruction'. -(2004-08)

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  • The Israelis send humanitarian aid to support the Kurds during the continued advancement of Iraq into Kurdish region. -2010

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  • Israel accepts oil from the Kurds, which intensifies the tensions with Iraq. -2014

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  • Iraq forms a bill that prohibits the trade with Israel, by Iraqi, al-Sadrl. -2022

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  • Hamas killed over 1,200 Israelis, in one day, on October 7th. Since, the Hamas-Israeli war began, the Islamic Resistance Force in Iraq (Shia group), which are Iranian militant group have joined in attacks towards Israel. They have launched attacks in Eilat, the Dead Sea coastline, Golan Heights, Karish gas field, Haifa, Ashdod, Kiryat Shmona, Tel Aviv and Elifelet, in which the Mossad is located. -2023 

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  • Israel requests to defeat the Islamic Resistance in Iraq via the UN, but UN said it will only increase the violence in Gaza and Lebanon. However, Israel has stated that they will defend the soverignty of their country against these militant groups. -2024​​

Created by:
Vernika Monk
© copyright 2021

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